Rapida Inc. and Click Inc. are two companies that have been manufacturing typewriters for almost 30 years. Due to the reduced demand for typewriters today, both companies' average return on invested capital is approximately –5 percent. The current industry average is 2 percent. In this scenario, Rapida Inc. and Click Inc. most likely have
a. competitive advantage over other firms in their industry.
b. competitive parity with each other.
c. strategic alliance with each other.
d. economies of scope instead of economies of scale.