Explain the antigen-antibody response as it relates to blood groups

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13-11-2016
Biology

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Explain the antigen-antibody response as it relates to blood groups

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tithi1 tithi1 · Answer 1 · 2016-11-13T04:48:22+01:00

Antigens are surface proteins found on all cells including blood cells. In the case of blood groups, an individual's blood type reflects the presence or absence of specific antigens. An antigen-antibody response is initiated if the individual receives a transfusion of blood containing antigens that it identifies as being "foreign." Antibodies found in a person's blood bind to the foreign antigen, causing agglutination, or clumping. The antigen-antibody complexes clog the small blood vessels, and the foreign RBCs are lysed, releasing hemoglobin into the bloodstream. The most serious complication of a transfusion reaction is kidney failure due to blockage of the kidney tubules by the hemoglobin molecules.

ahsan57900 ahsan57900 · Answer 2 · 2021-10-28T15:42:53+02:00

There is specific antigen-antibody response between different types of blood groups.

An antigen is a substance which is foreign to the body that causes an immune response. That means that your body makes antibodies against that type of antigens. Every blood type has a specific type of antigen as well as antibodies.

Type O has no antigen but having antibodies A and antibodies B. Type A has A antigen and having antibody B. Type B has B antigen and having antibody A. Type AB has A and B antigens but no antibodies so we can conclude that every blood has specific type of antigen and antibodies.

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