Arterioles are the main resistance vessels of the circulatory system.
They are considered as the primary resistance vessels as they distribute blood flow into capillary beds. Arterioles provide approximately 80% of the total resistance to blood flow through the body.
These vessels are highly innervated by autonomic nerves (particularly sympathetic adrenergic), and respond to changes in nerve activity and circulating hormones by constricting or dilating. Therefore, these vessels are referred to as resistance vessels.
Resistance vessels include small arteries, arterioles, and precapillary sphincters. Capacitance vessels include small and large veins. Capacitance vessels have great capacity to distend.
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